基于植入式光纤传感网络的固体火箭发动机结构健康监测

Structural Health Monitoring of Solid Rocket Motor Based on Embedding Optical Fiber Sensing Networks

摘要:

为实现对固体火箭发动机结构健康状态的实时监测和评估,设计并研制了一种高强度飞秒光栅传感网络,重点研究了传感器与信号传输链路的涂覆和封装。开展了发动机界面脱粘模拟实验。设计可用于发动机应变、温度和载荷的模拟演示系统,建立了基于光纤传感器采集数据的发动机数字孪生模型,形成发动机实物与数字孪生体的精准映射。最后将光纤传感器阵列植入发动机,对发动机开展水压监测实验、高低温存储实验、长周期监测实验和点火实验。对监测结果进行无损检测验证,结果表明该传感网络能够准确测量出发动机的应变状态,为固体火箭发动机的结构健康管理提供有效的数据支撑。

Abstract:

To achieve real-time monitoring and evaluation of the structural health status of solid rocket motors (SRMs), a high-strength femtosecond grating sensing network was designed and developed. The sensors were coated and packaged, and SRM interface debonding simulation experiments were conducted. A simulation demonstration system for SRM strain, temperature, and load was designed. A digital twin model of the engine based on the data collected by the optical fiber sensor was established, and an accurate mapping between the real SRM and the digital twin was formed. Finally, the optical fiber sensor array was implanted in the SRM, and water pressure monitoring experiments, high-and low-temperature storage experiments, long-term monitoring experiments, and ignition tests were conducted on the SRM. Non-destructive testing conducted verification experiments on the monitoring results. The research results indicate that the sensor network can accurately measure the strain state of the SRM, providing effective data support for its structural health management.