基于单轴光纤陀螺的曲线桥线形检测方法研究

Curved Bridge Deformation Measuring Method Based on Single-Axis Fiber Optic Gyroscope

摘要:

针对现有基于单轴光纤陀螺的惯性检测系统无法用于曲线桥结构线形的局限,提出了一种基于单轴光纤陀螺的曲线桥有轨线形检测方法。首先,阐述了基于单轴光纤陀螺的直线桥线形检测原理、陀螺的误差来源和曲线桥检测难点,根据导航算法对单轴光纤陀螺检测弯道线形可行性进行分析；然后,搭建曲线型试验轨道和一套轨道检测小车及无线线形采集系统；最后,将集成好的线形检测系统在试验轨道上测试,通过改变试验轨道形变程度构造不同试验工况,将实际测量结果与千分尺测量结果对比以验证理论的可行性和准确性。结果表明,该方法可以识别不同工况下曲线型轨道形变程度,测量精度优于1mm,具有测量原理简单、系统实现和检测成本低的优势,结合桥梁检测轨道的配备,可为各类大型桥梁提供不封桥、不停运形变检测新思路。

Abstract:

Aiming at the limitation that the existing inertial detection system based on single-axis fiber optic gyroscope cannot be used for deformation of horizontally curved bridge structure, a single-axis fiber optic gyroscope-based detection method for track deformation of curved bridges was proposed. Firstly, the principle of linear bridge deformation measuring based on single-axis fiber optic gyroscope was presented, and the error source of gyro and the difficulty of curved bridge detection were explained. Then the feasibility of curved track measuring by single-axis fiber optic gyroscope was analyzed according to the navigation algorithm. Secondly, a curved test track, a set of track detection trolley and wireless linear acquisition system were built. Finally, the integrated linear detection system on the test track was tested, different test stages by changing the deformation degree of the test track were performed, and then the actual measurement results were compared with the micrometer measurement results to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the method can identify the precise deformation of curved track under different test stages with an accuracy of less than 1mm. Owing to the simple measuring principle, when the systematic implementation and low measuring cost combined with the equipment of bridge track detection, the proposed method will provide a new approach for the massive deformation measurement of various large-scale bridges without closing bridge or stopping bridge transportation.