夜间遥感场地替代定标的微光光谱仪设计与试验分析
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中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 中国科学院定量遥感信息技术重点实验室

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TP702

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国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFB0504600,2018YFB0504604,2018YF0504800,2018YF0504805)中科院前沿科学重点研发项目(QYZDB-SSW-JSC051)


Design and experimental analysis of low-level light spectrometer for nighttime remote sensing sites vicarious calibration
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Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Aerospace Information Research Institute

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    摘要:

    近年来,夜间遥感成像技术已成为国内外新兴遥感领域热点,其可以弥补热红外遥感夜间监测的局限性,提供能达到白天分辨率的夜间辐射产品。但是,目前的夜间遥感在轨辐射定标不确定度较高,主要原因之一是由于载荷的特殊性,导致其难以利用场地进行高精度定标,高精度场地定标需要依靠地物光谱仪对夜间目标进行精准的信息获取,目前传统的地物光谱仪对光信号强度要求较高,只能白天使用,无法在夜间使用。为此,本文提出将传统光谱仪的CCD(charge-coupled device)探测器与像增强器直接耦合提升光谱仪低照度条件下信息获取能力的技术方案,设计了一款适用于微弱光目标信息获取的微光光谱仪,增益可达到传统光谱仪的5000倍。该光谱仪可以解决传统光谱仪在微弱光条件下无法进行地表目标辐射值及反射率测量的问题,可提高夜间遥感场地定标精度。本文选择地势平坦、海拔高、大气状况良好、地表覆盖类型单一且远离城市灯光的青海格尔木大柴旦地区进行了微光光谱仪的测试,测试试验结果表明:在入射光源只有月光和星光的条件下,该微光光谱仪可有效实现对地面目标光谱信息的测量,性能良好且稳定,未来可应用于夜间遥感定标、夜间目标光谱信息获取等应用领域,为夜间遥感在轨定标精度的提升奠定技术基础。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, nighttime remote sensing has become a new hotspot in remote sensing field that can make up for the limitation of thermal infrared remote sensing at night. And nighttime remote sensing can provide nighttime radiation products with daytime resolution. However, at present, the uncertainty of on-orbit nighttime remote sensing radiometric calibration is relatively high, the main reason is that it is difficult to use the site for high-precision calibration due to the particularity of load. At present, the traditional spectrometer has high requirements for optical signal intensity, which can only be used during the day and cannot be used at night. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain accurate information of weak signal targets for accurate site calibration. To solve the above problems, a technical proposal that (the charge-coupled device (CCD) detector and image intensifier direct coupling) is proposed. A low-level light spectrometer that can measure weak signal targets information has been designed, and its gain is 5000 times that of the traditional spectrometer. The low-level light spectrometer can solve the problem that the traditional spectrometer cannot measure the radiation and reflectance of the surface target under the condition of low-level light, and it can improve the accuracy of nighttime remote sensing sites vicarious calibration. To solve these problems, a technical proposal that the charge-coupled device (CCD) detector and image intensifier direct coupling is proposed. In this paper, the technical scheme of directly coupling the CCD (charge coupled device) detector of the traditional spectrometer with the image intensifier is proposed to improve the information acquisition ability of the spectrometer under low illumination conditions. A low-level light spectrometer that can be applied to the weak signal targets information is designed, and it is 5000 times the gain of the traditional spectrometer. The problem that the traditional spectrometer cannot measure the radiation and reflectance of the surface target under the condition of low-level light is solved in the design of the low-level light spectrometer. In addition, the accuracy of nighttime remote sensing sites vicarious calibration is also improved. In this paper, the experiment environment for the low-level light spectrometer is selected in Great Chaidan area in Golmud, Qinghai province where is flat, high altitude, good atmospheric conditions, single type of land cover and far away from city lights. The experimental results show that the low-level light spectrometer can effectively measure the spectral information of the ground target with good and stable performance under the condition of moonlight and starlight.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-21
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-21
  • 录用日期:2022-03-04
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